Solid walls: Adhesive fixing.

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Adhesive fixing directly to the inside wall face is used for preformed, laminate panels and for rigid insulation boards. Where the inside face of the wall is clean, dry, level and reasonably smooth, as, for example, a sound plaster finish or a smooth and level concrete, brick or block face, the laminate panels or rigid insulation boards are secured with organic based, gap filling adhesive that is applied in dabs and strips to the back of the boards or panels or to both the boards and wall. The panels or boards are then applied and pressed into position against the wall face and their position adjusted with a foot lifter.

Where the surface of the wall to be lined is uneven or rough the laminated panels or insulation boards are fixed with dabs of plaster bonding, applied to both the wall surface and the back of the lining. Dabs are small areas of wet plaster bonding applied at intervals on the surface with a trowel, as a bedding and adhesive. The lining is applied and pressed into position against the wall. The wet dabs of bonding allow for irregularities in the wall surface and also serve as an adhesive. Some of the lining systems use secondary fixing in addition to adhesive. These secondary fixings are non-ferrous or plastic nails or screws driven or screwed through the insulation boards into the wall.

Figure 105 is an illustration of laminated insulation panels fixed to the inside face of a solid wall.
Internal insulation is used where solid walls have sufficient resistance to the penetration of rain, an alteration to the external appearance is not permitted or is unacceptable and the building is not occupied. A disadvantage of internal insulation is that as the insulation is at, or close to, the internal surface, it will prevent the wall behind from acting as a heat store where constant, low temperature heating is used.

The principal difficulty with both external and internal insulation to existing buildings is that it is not usually practical to continue the insulation into the reveals of openings to avoid thermal bridges, because the exposed faces of most window and door frames are not wide enough to take the combined thickness of the insulation and rendering or plaster finish.

 Fig. 105 Internal insulation.

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